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Lennart Nilsson (born 24 August 1922) is a Swedish photographer and scientist. He is noted for his photographs of in vivo human embryos and other medical subjects once considered unphotographable, and more generally for his extreme macro photography. He is also considered to be among Sweden’s first modern photojournalists. ==Biography== Lennart Nilsson was born in Strängnäs, Sweden. His father and uncle were both photographers. His father gave him his first camera at age twelve. When he was approximately fifteen, he saw a documentary about Louis Pasteur that made him interested in microscopy. Within a few years, Nilsson had acquired a microscope and was making microphotographs of insects. In his late teens and twenties, he began taking a series of environmental portraits with an Icoflex Zeiss camera, and had the opportunity to photograph many famous Swedes. He began his professional career in the mid-1940s as a freelance photographer, working frequently for the publisher Åhlen & Åkerlund of Stockholm. One of his earliest assignments was covering the liberation of Norway in 1945 during World War II. Some of his early photo essays, notably ''A Midwife in Lapland '' (1945), ''Polar Bear Hunting in Spitzbergen'' (1947), and ''Fishermen at the Congo River'' (1948), brought him international attention after publication in ''Life'', ''Illustrated'', ''Picture Post'', and elsewhere. In 1954, eighty-seven of his portraits of famous Swedes were published in the book ''Sweden in Profile''. His 1955 book, ''Reportage'', featured a selection of his early work. In 1963 his photoessay about the Swedish Salvation Army appeared in several magazines and in his book ''Hallelujah''. In the mid-1950s he began experimenting with new photographic techniques to make extreme close-up photographs. These advances, combined with very thin endoscopes that became available in the mid-1960s, enabled him to make groundbreaking photographs of living human blood vessels and body cavities. He achieved international fame in 1965, when his photographs of the beginning of human life appeared on the cover and on sixteen pages of ''Life'' magazine. They were also published in ''Stern'', ''Paris Match'', ''The Sunday Times'', and elsewhere. The photographs made up a part of the book, ''A Child is Born'' (1965); images from the book were reproduced in the April 30, 1965 edition of ''Life'', which sold eight million copies in the first four days after publication. Some of the photographs from this book were later included on both Voyager spacecraft. Although claiming to show a living fetus, Nilsson actually photographed aborted ones obtained from women who terminated their pregnancies under Swedish law. Working with dead embryos allowed Nilsson to experiment with lighting, background and positions, such as placing the thumb into the fetus’ mouth. But the origin of the pictures was rarely mentioned, even by 'pro-life' activists, who in the 1970s appropriated these icons.〔As documented in Making Visible Embryos: http://www.hps.cam.ac.uk/visibleembryos/s7_4.html〕 In 1969 he began using a scanning electron microscope on a ''Life'' assignment to depict the body’s functions. He is generally credited with taking the first images of the human immunodeficiency virus, and in 2003, he took the first image of the SARS virus. Around 1970 he joined the staff of the Karolinska Institutet and has worked there since. Nilsson has also been involved in the creation of documentaries, including ''The Saga of Life'' (1982) and ''The Miracle of Life'' (1996). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lennart Nilsson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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